La configuración curricular desde la atención a la diversidad en el proceso formativo universitario, resultará de la interacción de los planos cognitivo-actitudinal y procedimental. La suficiencia, recursividad y coherencia curricular son sustentos que lo convierten de proyecto predelineado a propuesta emergente en la que se planifica como un espacio de permanente construcción y reconstrucción en el que se interconectan el conocimiento conceptual, las experiencias y los sentimientos de los estudiantes. El artículo tiene como objetivo socializar los resultados alcanzados en la (...) sistematización de una concepción teórica para el desarrollo de los procesos curriculares, a partir del planteamiento de algunas ideas que lo relacionan con lo diverso que resulta el mundo universitario y que pueden constituir punto de partida para el debate sobre el diseño curricular. Curricular shaping in regard on the attention to the diversity of the university formative process will be result of the interaction of the different cognitive-attitudinal, and procedural planes. Aptitude, resourcefullness and curricular coherence are the bases that allow this preformulated project to become an emerging proposal, which is seen as a space of permanent construction and reconstruction, experiences and students´ feelings. This article aims at socializing the results obtained in the systematization process of a theoretical conception for the development of curricular processes; based on the approach of several ideas that relate it with the diversity of university sphere, and these ideas may also represent a starting point for debate about curricular design. (shrink)

El presente artículo está dirigido a sistematizar una concepción teórica y metodológica que sustente la formación ambiental en las carreras universitarias cubanas. A partir de la crítica de las fuentes bibliográficas y la observación del proceso formativo en tres carreras, se construye el referido marco teórico. Entre los resultados se destaca el lugar y papel de la formación ambiental en el sistema de la formación integral del profesional. Se caracterizan la integralidad, la complejidad, la funcionabilidad y la espacialidad como rasgos (...) de la dimensión ambiental, lo que le asigna una connotación especial, al interpretarla como mediadora entre las funciones del espacio construido y la forma en la que se gestiona el escenario donde se despliega el intercambio de flujos de energía, materia e información en su interrelación con la estructura social. Se argumentan las funciones formativas de la formación ambiental, que constituyen la exteriorización de las cualidades inherentes a cualquier carrera universitaria, que se manifiestan en el modo de actuación del profesional. This article is aimed at systematizing a theoretical and methodological conception that forms the basis of environmental education in Cuban college degrees. Starting from the review of bibliographical sources and the observation of the educational process in three degrees, the referable theoretical framework is created. Among results, the place and role of environmental education in the integral professional training system is highlighted. Integrality, complexity, functionality and spatiality are characterized as features of environmental dimension, which give it a special connotation, as it is interpreted as a mediator between the functions of the constructed space and the way it is managed on the stage where the exchange of energy, matter and information flows are used in their interrelation with the social structure. The educational functions of environmental education are argued. They reveal characteristics which are inherent to any college degree and become apparent in a professional's behavior. (shrink)

El artículo se propuso sistematizar una concepción teórica y metodológica que sustente la formación humanística en las carreras universitarias cubanas. El marco teórico referido se construyó a partir de una revisión crítica de las fuentes bibliográficas y la observación del proceso formativo. Entre los resultados se destacó la identificación de las cualidades del profesional y la propuesta de los saberes, que como construcción del intelecto humano caracterizan el desempeño más general del profesional, descrita en términos de saberes ético-ciudadanos, culturales, de (...) solución de problemas, para la comunicación y la gestión de la formación del profesional. The paper is aimed at systematizing a theoretical and methological framework to back up the humanist representation of the professional training process in Cuban universities. By means of a critical examination of bibliographic sources and the observation of the formative process in three majors, the aforementioned framework is constructed. The findings include the identification of professional qualities and background knowledge that characterizes human intellect and the general performance of the professional. This knowledge is described in terms of ethic, cultural, problem-solving, communicating, training-managing knowledge. (shrink)

Se propone un análisis de la relación entre el factor _valor pragmático del enunciado interrogativo _y el orden sujeto-verbo y su variación dialectal según las zonas geográficas reconocidas en el mundo hispánico. Teóricamente, esta investigación se fundamenta, por un lado, en estudios que plantean una correlación entre la función comunicativa de la interrogación y su estructura sintáctica y, por otro, en la conocida tendencia al orden SV que experimentan las interrogativas parciales del Caribe. El corpus de análisis está conformado por (...) 700 oraciones interrogativas totales, extraídas del Corpus de Referencia del Español del Siglo XXI (CORPES). El análisis estadístico revela solo una correspondencia parcial con los postulados de Freed (1994) y Escandell (1999) respecto de la asociación del orden con el valor pragmático del enunciado. Además, se observó un comportamiento diferenciado según las zonas geográficas, siendo España la zona que tiende a la posposición del sujeto de manera más acusada, independientemente del valor pragmático, mientras que las zonas Caribe Continental, Chile y Río de la Plata muestran una tendencia a la anteposición. El análisis de regresión logística mostró que, de las categorías observadas en el estudio, son las _interrogativas subjectio _y _problemáticas _las que favorecen de manera fuerte el orden VS, mientras que la _pregunta real_, sorprendentemente, favorece la anteposición del sujeto. (shrink)

The history of climate research in the 20th century has been characterised by a crucial shift from a geography-oriented, two-dimensional approach towards a physics-based, three-dimensional concept of climate. In the 1930s, the introduction of new technology, such as radiosondes, enabled climatologists to investigate the high atmosphere, which had previously been out of reach. This “conquest of the third dimension” challenged the surface-oriented, geographical notion of climate patterns and opened up climatology to a three-dimensional approach, which deeply changed the character of (...) climate research. Two decades later, by drilling deep into polar glaciers and using the downward vertical dimension as an archive of the earth's history, ice core scientists began to reconstruct past climates layer by layer. The data retrieved in deep glacial layers contributed crucially to a temporal expansion of climate history far beyond human timescales. However, the inaccessibility of glaciers and the practical challenges of bringing fragile fragments of ice into transnational networks of scientific exchange meant that this vertical extension of climate knowledge production proceeded through a range of new scientific practices, and was shaped by new forms of international collaboration. Furthermore, this vertical approach to glaciers also asked for a new understanding of glacier volume. Drawing on archival and printed sources, I argue that ice core research represented a second discovery of the third dimension, this time downwards into the depth of the earth's surface, but again with decisive consequences for the research practice, for collaboration politics, and for understandings of climate, spatially as well as temporally. (shrink)

Vulnerability acts as a touchstone in this issue as we find our contributors reflecting on its intersection with gender and sexuality in different ways. Saeidzadeh draws out the significance of misrecognition in her consideration of responses to transsexuality in Iran, while Doonan highlights the potential pitfalls of relying on situational vulnerability in her critique of anti-trafficking legal discourse in the US. Lindsey considers the legal potential of situational vulnerability as a tool to address the ‘persistent failure to take action against (...) abuse’ in the UK. Durojaye and Oluduro contribute to the recent revitalisation in asking ‘the woman question’ by drawing on African law and literature to flesh out the development of a gender-sensitive, substantive equality approach from the jurisprudence of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights as it addresses vulnerability to violence. The reviewers continue this international conversation as they address recent contributions on sexuality, family formation and social security. (shrink)

El objetivo de este artículo es criticar la representación tradicional del trabajo periodístico de Karl Marx, habitualmente olvidado por un canon engañoso que sólo asume sus artículos al precio de convertirlos en una obra menor. Uno de los problemas de esta concepción tradicional es que disocia sus contribuciones teóricas y económicas del desarrollo histórico del pensamiento del autor . Intentaremos señalar la importancia del periodismo maduro de Karl Marx en dos áreas: en la construcción de los conceptos centrales de su (...) crítica contra el capitalismo y en la producción de cartografías políticas para intervenir en el conflicto de clases. Este artículo plantea varias hipótesis y afirmaciones tentativas sobre el periodismo de Karl Marx que pueden servir como punto de partida de una investigación crítica. (shrink)

The article analyzes the social representations of ICTs’ appropriation for community empowerment by social movements. The study includes two recent Latin American student social movements: the Mexican #YoSoy132 and the Chilean student movement. Discourse analysis was used to examine interviews with participants in these social movements as well as other texts associated with their episodes of collective action. The discourse analysis was focused on four main dimensions of the social representations of ICTs’ appropriation: (1) the interrelationships between the technological and (...) the socio-political and cultural dimensions; (2) the tension between a visibility-centered and an articulating-focused use of ICTs; (3) the tension between the individual and the collective dimensions; and (4) the articulation between ICTs-based collective action and offline one. The findings indicate that the online/offline and the visibility/articulation tensions are relevant dimensions, in an articulated way, of the social representation of ICTs’ appropriation for collective empowerment. The results also indicate that the sociopolitical goals of the social movements are a central mediation for the process of configuration of the social representation, as it is proved by the importance of the individual/collective tension for the process. (shrink)

Belief merging aims at combining several pieces of information coming from different sources. In this paper we review the works on belief merging of propositional bases. We discuss the relationship between merging, revision, update and confluence, and some links between belief merging and social choice theory. Finally we mention the main generalizations of these works in other logical frameworks.

ABSTRACT We consider in this work the problem of iterated belief revision. We propose a family of belief revision operators called revision with memory operators and we give a logical (both syntactical and semantical) characterization of these operators. They obey what we call the principle of strong primacy of update: when one revises his beliefs by a new evidence, then all possible worlds that satisfy this new evidence become more reliable than those that do not. We show that those operators (...) have a satisfying behaviour concerning the iteration of the revision process. Then we provide four particular operators of this family. (shrink)

La interpretación es un proceso cognitivo peculiar: distinto, por una parte, de la explicación cientificopositiva; por otra, de la comprensión empática y también del entender en sus distintas formas. EI proceso interpretative tiene lugar por el sujeto, que en ese momento hace de intérprete, a partir de un objeto en un contexto determinado, pero sobre la imagen del objeto, que es en realidad el referencial; la dación de significados connotativos constituye el interpretado, el cual es devuelto al contexto como referido. (...) En la neointerpretación o en la reinterpretación, ese objeto referido es entonces neoreferencial. EI proceso interpretativo es estocástico y, por eso, con la finalidad de reducir la entropía del sistema, podría ser interminable. EI sistema compuesto por objeto, imagen del objeto, intérprete e interpretado es,siempre, en consecuencia, dishomeostático. (shrink)

Este análisis teórico busca analizar, por una parte, en la inmersión de la obra del pensador galés Raymond Williams y, por otro lado, el acercamiento a lo que podemos denominar como Estudios Culturales Británicos, una propuesta metodológica y política plausible en virtud de pensar nuestro presente con una mirada y una sensibilidad diferente a lo que ampliamente se ha caracterizado como «presentismo» o futuros cancelados. Para ello, retomar la obra de un pensador parcialmente olvidado en las últimas décadas, no solo (...) nos permitirá atisbar posibilidades de pensar futuros diversos, sino que nos obligará a tomar en consideración una caja de herramientas, sugerente, que terminó defendiendo con matices, contradicciones e incorporaciones hasta el final de su vida en 1988. (shrink)

We bear witness to a sweeping social movement for change—fostered and driven by a powerful group of Black nurses and nursing students determined to call out and dismantle anti‐Black racism and discrimination within the profession of nursing. The Black Nurses Task Force, launched by the Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario (RNAO) in July 2020, is building momentum for long‐standing change in the profession by critically examining the racist and discriminatory history of nursing, listening to and learning from the lived experiences (...) of the Black nursing community, and shaping concrete, actionable steps to confront anti‐Black racism and discrimination in academic settings, workplaces, and nursing organizations. The Black Nurses Task Force and the RNAO are standing up and speaking out in acknowledgment of the magnitude of anti‐Black racism and discrimination that exist in our profession, health system, justice system, and economic system. This social movement is demonstrating, in actions, how individuals and a collective act as change agents to drive meaningful and widespread change for our present and future Black nurses. We also acknowledge the Black nurses who have gone before us. (shrink)

El presente escrito se propone presentar el modelo de tres niveles del conocimiento científico (datos, fenómenos y teorías) desde los recientes resultados de la filosofía de la ciencia obtenidos por dos perspectivas filosóficas particulares: el nuevo experimentalismo y el enfoque semántico de las teorías. Para ello contrasta los planteamientos principales de estas dos perspectivas con el modelo de dos niveles del conocimiento científico (observación y teoría) del positivismo lógico, que dominó el panorama de la filosofía de la ciencia en las (...) primeras seis décadas del siglo XX. (shrink)

En este artículo se traza una distinción clara y precisa entre geometría pura y geometría aplicada dentro del marco de las reflexiones sobre los fundamentos de la geometría promovidas por la aparición de geometrías no-euclidianas y en el contexto de las discusiones mantenidas por los empiristas lógicos sobre la estructura general de las teorías empíricas. De manera más particular, se defiende, tal y como proponen los empiristas lógicos, que una geometría pura es un sistema formal que no nos dice nada (...) sobre la realidad física, mientras que una geometría aplicada es una teoría empírica, una teoría física (una teoría del espacio) que resulta de dotar de significado a una geometría matemática. Para sostener esta tesis se recurre, en parte, a ciertas ideas expresadas por Einstein sobre la teoría general de la relatividad. Por último, si bien parece que esta imagen de la estructura de una geometría física es relativamente adecuada, se insiste en la tesis de que el error principal de los empiristas lógicos estaría entonces en pretender hacer de ella el carácter predominante de la estructura de las teorías científicas en general. (shrink)

One of the core problems of scientific research authorship is honorary authorship. It violates the ethical principle of clear and appropriate assignment of scientific research contributions. The prevalence of honorary authorship worldwide is alarmingly high across various research disciplines. As a result, many academic institutions and publishers were trying to explore ways to overcome this unethical research practice. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommended criteria for authorship as guidance for researchers submitting manuscripts to biomedical Journals. However, despite (...) the ICMJE guidelines, honorary authorship is still significantly present across various health research disciplines. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions and knowledge of health care researchers towards honorary authorship according to the ICMJE guidelines across different health care fields in Jordan, which to our knowledge was never explored before. Data from an electronic survey that was distributed among researchers working in different healthcare fields across several major universities in Jordan, revealed that most of the respondents were assistant professors working mainly in the schools of Medicine and Pharmacy. The majority of the respondents (65.5%) were not aware of the ICMJE authorship guidelines. And, around 37% reported the inclusion of an honorary author, in which the most common non-authorship task reported by 73% of the respondents was reviewing the manuscript. Our findings emphasize the need for national academic and research institutions to address the issue of authorship in their educational programs and internal policies. (shrink)

En este estudio el autor comenta los significados del héroe Edipo según las interpretaciones que hizo Zambrano de las obras de Sófocles tituladas Edito Rey y Edipo en Colono. Se destacan sus aspectos filosóficos y su importancia en la historia del pensamiento.

In this paper I draw a clear and precise distinction between pure or mathematical geometry and applied or physical geometry. I make this distinction inside two contexts : one, the reflections about foundations of geometry due to the source of non-Euclidean geometry and, other one, the discussions by the logical positivists on general structure of empirical theories. In particular, such and like propose the logical positivists, I defend that pure geometry is a formal system that doesn’t tell us anything about (...) physical reality, whereas applied geometry is a theory about physical space that comes of to interpret a mathematical geometry. I support this thesis in some Einstein ’s ideas about the general theory of relativity. Finally, even though this picture of structure of physical geometry is relatively appropriate, I insist on the thesis of that main mistake of logical empiricist philosophy would be in making of this picture the dominant character of structure of scientific theories in general. (shrink)

In the past two decades, especially after the financial crisis of 2007–09, the literature for examining the availability of integration between the stock exchanges in developed and developing markets has grown. The importance of this topic stems from the significant implications of the linkage between exchange markets on various decisions taken by interested parties, such as policymakers and investors, in the decisions for portfolio diversification. This study examines the relationship between a developing stock exchange index, Amman Stock Exchange Index, and (...) the number of international indices, including S&P 500, NASDAQ, Nikkei, DAX, CAC, and HSI for 2008-2019. To validate the availability of the linkage between the indices, the author includes various tests of a correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis, and artificial neural network. Despite the results indicating that the ANN is more efficient than linear regression in investigating the availability of the relationship between ASEI and international indices, stepwise regression and neural network support this relationship. Furthermore, ANN results revealed that the S&P 500 index and year have the most substantial relationship with ASEI. Our research is theoretically and practically important; policymakers and investors can benefit from our findings. Future studies may explore the effect of different international stock market indices on ASEI or other developing markets. Further studies can use macroeconomic factors to build prediction models for stock market indices. (shrink)

Racism against Black people, Indigenous and other racialized people continues to exist in healthcare and academic settings. Racism produces profound harm to racialized people. Strategies to address systemic racism must be implemented to bring about sustainable changes in healthcare and academic settings. This quality improvement initiative provides strategies to address systemic racism and discrimination against Black nurses and nursing students in Ontario, Canada. It is part of a broader initiative showcasing Black nurses in action to end racism and discrimination. We (...) have found that people who have experienced racism need healing, support and protection including trauma-related services to facilitate their healing. Implementing multi-level, multi-pronged interventions in workplaces will create healthy work environments for all members of society, especially Black nurses who are both clients/patients and providers of healthcare. (shrink)

The fictional beings are another story ourselves, and tell us another way to recover what we, wanting to be what we want; Stories in which they live, not knowing that his life is a story, a story that does not live as if it were, as if they lived their lives. The fictions of the world show us, not necessarily, as others do not, who am not! But who still am not, because I have not discovered completely all myself, and (...) sometimes I am without be them in this otherness for myself it is mine, but not mine yet, I am part of stories that are not my history, the world of text, stories where I am another, even myself, intratextual entity and not intraworld, reowned those others who just the text opens so imaginary and that the actual closure and silent, to the point where it is discovered that about me are the many stories that tell me I have the me or other me, where the mirror the other gives me an identity different readings, Be-who-I-am-and-who-else-to be-said-that-I, because I have built my own history identity, but the pair, others tell my story as the story of another, stories over and over that overlap but without being the same but the same, the stories of others that I am for others, who suspect without built my otherness, my other identities. (shrink)

In industrial societies workplace is the only battlefield where people can kill another without running the risk of facing the courts (Leynman, 1996). This picture of dehumanization work reveals that organizations stand as the scene of the permissibility and the justification of harassment at the workplace (mobbing), whichincreased gradually and adverse effects are alarming at the moment, without considering the quality of working life because so far few companies have woken to the fact that it can no longer continue explaining (...) the bankruptcy and instability of these causes as shrinking market, loss of investors, misguided government policies, strategies ineffective advertising and sale but the time has come to recognize that the conspiracies, sabotage, in a word, the struggle for power within each organization is a kind of silent and asymptomatic disease that eventually will kill to make their recovery process irreversible and even less hope of success, although some leaders unconscious be limited to talk about this as mere gossip, but envy is more professional than a potential threat is a lethal weapon that destroys companies from their foundations and from emerging as such. "Everyone against one !...¡ That is the question!". (shrink)